Hipp chronoscope, Swiss, 1893-1900.

SWITZERLAND - AUGUST 06: Invented by Matthias Hipp of Neuchatel, Switzerland, this device was used to measure short intervals of time to an accuracy of 1/1000th of a second. Its timekeeping element is not a pendulum but a metal reed which vibrates 1000 times per second above an escape wheel; one tooth of the escape wheel passes it every one-thousandth of a second. Originally used in military research experiments to measure the speed of projectiles, Hipp�s chronoscopes achieved popularity with the advent of experimental psychology laboratories in the late 19th century, in which they were used to try to determine the speed of thought. This chronoscope was used by the psychology department at Bedford College, University of London from 1900-1969. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)